
篇1:中考英语核心知识点精讲
英语重点知识列举,初三同学们一轮复习已经紧张的开始了,在复习的过程中,同学们要注意知识的来源与应用,还要知道这个知识容易出错的地方,所以今天给大家汇总了中考英语核心知识点精讲,同学们务必记住哦!带大家共同学习。
1、全面复习:
①梳理初中英语基础语法知识;
②回顾课本内容,整理重点词汇、词组、句型、语言功能等;
③有计划的背诵重点词汇、词组、习惯用语和句型。
2、针对性的题型训练:
听力:①每天坚持10~15分钟听力材料由易——难速度慢——快篇章短——长;②听力材料语言结构简单,内容贴近学生的生活实际;③一般听两遍,不要边听边看材料。
阅读理解和完型填空:①每天坚持读一两篇文章,文章题材要广泛,体裁要多样,篇章长介于200~350个词;②有意识地培养推理判断能力,训练逻辑思 维和概括能力;③努力扩大知识面和词汇量,避免过多使用文曲星和查阅词典。④体裁要多:科技、地理、历史、常识。⑤阅读要一本书用到底,有难有易都要做。 ⑥做完后才可查字典,对生词要有意识的记忆,不要求会拼写,只要认识就可以。
3、多做中考模拟试卷:
①精选复习资料;②把握难易程度;③查漏补缺。④收集自己做错的单项选择题,隔断时间就要拿出来复习。
篇2:中考英语核心知识点精讲
一.英语语法重点与难点
1、 as…as…结构:
You’re a boy as good as Tom.=You’re as good a boy as Tom.
你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。
2、 (1)too…to与 so…that sb. can’t…的句型转换:前者为简单句,主语只有一个,而后者为复合句,主语有两个,试比较:
The man was too angry to be able to speak.
The man was so angry that he wasn’t able to speak.
(2) too…to…与 not enough to句型的转换:
He is too young to get married.=He is not old enough to get married.
The book is too difficult for me to read.=
The book is not easy enough for me to read.
3、 形容词原级表示比较级含义:
约翰不象迈克那么苯。
John is not so stupid as Mike.
John is less stupid than Mike.
John is cleverer than Mike.
4、 用比较级表示最高级:约翰是班里最高的男生。
John is taller than any other boy in the class.
John is the tallest boy in the class.
5、 the more….. the more….表示“越……越……”:
The more books you read, the wider your knowledge is.
The more food you eat, the fatter you are.
6、 more and more….表示“越来……越……”:
More and more students realized the importance of a foreign language.
Our country is getting stronger and stronger.
二.中考考点—词组
1. after, in 这两个介词都可以表示“……(时间)以后”的意思
after 以过去为起点,表示过去一段时间之后,常用于过去时态的句子中
如:She went after three days. 她是三天以后走的
in 以现在为起点,表将来一段时间以后,常用于将来时态的句子中
如:She will go in three days. 她三天以后要走
2. how long, how often, how soon
how long指多长时间,主要用来对一段时间(如three days, four weeks 等)提问?如:How long ago was it? 这是多久前的事了?
how often指每隔多久,主要用来对频率副词或状语(如once a week等)提问?如:—How often does he come here? —Once a month. 他(每隔)多久来一次?每月一次。
how soon指再过多久,主要用来对表示将来的一段时间(in an hour, in two weeks 等)提问?如:How soon can you come? 你多快能赶来?
3. few, a few, little, a little, several, some
few 和little的意思是否定的,表示“很少”或“几乎没有”;而a few和a little的意思是肯定的,表示“有一些,有一点儿”
few 和 a few修饰可数名词;little 和 a little 修饰不可数名词
several用于修饰可数名词,语意比a few和some更肯定,含有“好几个”的意思
some可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词,从数量上说,它有时相当于a few 或 a little,有时指更多一些的数量
4. the other, another
the other 指两个人或事物中的“另一个”,表示特指?如:We stood>
another着重于不定数目中的“另外一个”,表示泛指,所以常用来指至少三个中的一个?如:She has taken another of my books. 她已经拿了我的另外一本书
5. spend, take, cost, pay
spend的宾语通常是时间?金钱?在主动语态中,句子的主语必须是人,而且后面不能用动词不定式做它的宾语?如:She spent the whole evening in reading. 她把整个晚上用来读书
take常常用来指“花费”时间,句子的主语通常是表示事物的词语?如:How long will this job take you?你做这项工作要花多长时间?
cost 指花费时间?金钱或力气等,只能用表示事物的词做主语,并且不能用于被动语态?如:How much does the jacket cost?这件夹克多少钱?
pay 主要指主语(某人)买某物(或为某事)付多少钱(给某人)?如:I pay for my rooms by month. 我按月支付租金
6. among, between
between 的意思是“在……中间,在……之间”,一般指在两者之间?如:There is a table between two windows. 在两扇窗户之间有一张桌子。between 有时也表示在多于两个以上的事物之间,但那是指在每二者之间。如:the relationship between different provinces and municiplities 省市和省市之间的关系(这里是指每两个省市之间的相互关系?)
7. beat, win
这两个词都有“获胜,打败”的意思,但其后宾语不同?beat是“打败,优于”的意思,后面接人或队?如:We beat them. 我们打败了他们。
win指“赢,获胜”,后面接比赛?名次?如:We won the match/game/race/the first place. 我们赢了这场比赛(获得了第一名)。
8. agree with, agree to
agree with表示“与……意见一致”,后面既可以跟表示人的名词或人称代词,也可以跟表示意见。看法的名词或what引导的从句?。如:I agree with you without reservation.我毫无保留地同意你的意见。We agree with what you said just now.我们同意你刚才所说的意见。
agree to后面不能接人,只能接“提议,计划,方案”等词句?如:I agree to the terms proposed. 我同意拟议的条件。
9. bring, take, carry,fetch
这四个词都是动词,都含有“带”或“拿”的意思,但使用的场合各不相同。
bring作“带来,拿来”解?如:Next time don’t forget to bring me a copy of your work. 下次不要忘了把一份你的作品带给我。
take是bring的对语,作“带去,拿去”解?如:Take the box away, please. 请把盒子拿走。
carry表示“运载,携带”之意,运送的方式很多,可以用车、船,也可以用手甚至用头。如:This bus is licensed to carry 100 passengers. 这辆巴士准载一百人。
fetch则表示“去拿来”的意思。如:Please fetch me the documents in that room. 请到那间房间去把文件拿来给我。
10. each, every
两词都是“每个”的意思,但着重点不同。each着重个别的情况,every着重全体,有“所有的”的意思。如:She knows each student of the class.她认识这个班里的每一个学生。She knows every student of the class.她认识这个班所有的学生。
11. none
none指“一个也没有(既可指人,也可指物)”,作主语时代替不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式;代替可数名词,谓语动词用单、复数都可以。但在“主+系+表”结构中,如果表语为复数,则系动词要用复数形式。如:None of us are(is) afraid of difficulties. 我们谁也不怕困难。
12. too much, much too
二者都有“太,非常”之意,much too为副词词组,修饰形容词/副词,不可修饰动词。如:It’s much too cold.天气实在是太冷了。
too much作“太多”讲,有以下三种用法
(1)作名词词组 如:You have given us too much. 你给我们的太多了。
(2)作形容词词组修饰不可数名词 如:Don’t drink too
much wine. 不要饮太多的酒
(3)作副词词组修饰不及物动词 如:She talks too much. 她说话太多
13. happen, take place与occur
happen有“偶然”的意思,多用于客观事物?情况的发生?。如:Whatever has happened to your arm? It’s all swollen. 你的手臂怎么了?肿得好历害!
occur 指有计划地使某些事“发生”,有时强调“呈现”于人的知觉中。如:Did it occur to you to phone them about it?你难道没想到就这事给他们打个电话?
事件作主语时,happen和occur可以通用?如:The accident happened/occurred yesterday. 事故是昨天发生的。
take place 指事件发生,但常用来表示“举行”的意思,带有非偶然性?例如:The meeting took place last night.会议昨晚举行。
14. in front of, in the front of
in front of的意思是“在……前面”。如:There is a tree in front of the house.房子前面有一棵树。
in the front of的意思是“在……前部”,指在某个空间范围内的前面。如:There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom. 教室里前部有一块黑板
15. noise, voice, sound
这三个词都作“声音”解,在表示“听到声音”这个意思时,三者可以通用,但它们又各有特定的含义。
sound 作“声音”解,含义最广,指可以听到的任何声音,如:a weak sound 微弱的声
noise作“噪音,嘈杂声,吵闹声”解,指不悦耳,不和谐的声音,它既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词。如:Another kind of pollution is noise. 另外一种污染是噪音。
voice 作“声音”解时,多指人发出的声音,包括说话声、歌声和笑声。如:He shouted at the top of voice. 他高声呼喊。有时也用于引申意义,作“意见、发言权”解。如:I have no voice in the matter. 对于这件事,我没有发言权。
16. arrive, get, reach
三者均可表示“到达”,arrive后通常接介词at(一般用于较小的地方)或 in(一般用于较大的地方)?如:We arrived at the station five minutes late. 我们晚了5分钟到车站?又如:They will arrive in Paris next Monday. 他们将于下周星期一到达巴黎?
get之后通常接介词to。如:When we got to the park, it began to rain. 我们到达公园时,就开始下雨了。
reach是及物动词(较 get更正式),其后可直接跟地点名词做宾语(不能用介词)。如:He reached Beijing yesterday. 他昨天到达北京。
三.情态动词
1.考查情态动词表示“推测”的用法
[考点快忆] 表示肯定推测的情态动词有:must“一定;准是”,may“也许;可能”,might“或许”;表示否定推测的情态动词有:can't“不可能”, couldn't“不会”,may not“也许不”,might not“或许不”;can表示推测时不用于肯定句,may表示推测时不用于疑问句。
2.考查情态动词引起的一般疑问句的答语
[考点快忆] 回答must时,肯定答语用must,否定答语用needn't或don't have to。回答need时,肯定答语用must,否定答语用needn't。回答may时,肯定答语用may,否定答语用mustn't 或can't。
3.考查情态动词的意义
[考点快忆] must “必须”;have to“不得不”;need “必须;需要”;can(could)“能;可能”;may (might) “可以;可能”;shall,will (would)“将;会;愿意;要”;should“应当”。
“had better (not) + 动词原形”表示建议;have to / has to / had to的否定,疑问形式要借助于助动词do / does / did。
四. There be 的句子结构
There be是一个“存在”句型,表示“有”的意思,
肯定句的形式为:There be + 名词(单数或复数)+地点状语或时间状语。
be动词单复数的确定,看be后边第一个名词,当所接主语为单数或不可数名词时,be动词形式为is;当所接主语为复数名词时,be动词为are;当be动词后接两个以上主语时,be动词与最临近主语保持数上的一致。意思为“某地有某人或某物”。如:
There is an eraser and two pens>There are two pens and an eraser
(1)there be的否定句,即在be的后面加上not。
否定形式为:There be + not + (any) + 名词+地点状语。
There is not any cat in the room. 房间里没猫。
There aren't any books
(2)there be句型的疑问句就是将be提到句首:Be there + (any) +名词+地点状语
肯定回答:Yes, there is / are. 否定回答:No, there isn't / aren't.
-Is there a dog in the picture?画上有一只狗吗
-Yes, there is. 有。
-Are there any boats in the river?河里有船吗
-No, there aren't. 没有。
(3)特殊疑问句:How many . . . are there (+地点状语)
某地有多少人或物回答用There be . . .
有时直接就用数字来回答。One. / Two . . .
-How many students are there in the classroom?教室里有多少学生
(4)如果名词是不可数名词,用:How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 地点状语
How much water is there in the cup?杯中有多少水
五. 中考对定语从句的考查:
1.定语从句的功用和结构
在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。例如:
This is the present that he gave me for my birthday
2.关系代词和关系副词的功用
关系代词和关系副词用来引导定于从句,在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用,使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系待客做主语,宾语,定语,关系副词可作状语。
<1>. 作主语:关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词的人称和数须和先行词一致。例如:
I don’t like people who talk much but do little.
The cars which are produced in Hubei Province sell very well.
<2>. 作宾语:She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday.
The book that my grandmother gave me is called “The Great Escape”.
<3>. 作定语
关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。例如:
What’s the name of the young man whose sister is a doctor?
The girl whose father is a teacher studies very hard.
<4>. 作状语
I’ll never forget the day when I first came to Beijing.
三. 各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法
1. who 指人,在定语从句中作主语。例如:
The person who broke the window must pay for it.
The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever.
2. whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语。例如:
Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate?
Mr Lee (whom) you want to see has come.
3. whose 指人,在定语从句中作定语。例如:
The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.
I know the boy whose father is a professor.
4. which指物,在定语从中作主语或宾语。例如:
A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.
Here is the book (which) the teacher mentioned yesterday.
5. that多指物,有时也指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。例如:
I’ve read the newspaper that(which) carries the important news.
Who is the person that is reading the newspaper over there?
6. when 指时间,在定语从句中作状语。例如:
I’ll never forget the time when we worked>He arrived in Beijing>
7. where 指地点,在定语从句中作状语。例如:
This is the house where we lived last year.
The factory where his father works is in the east of the city.
四. 关系代词 whom, which 在定语从句中作介词宾语时,可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间,有时为了关系紧凑也可以将 whom 与 which 与先行词紧挨着书写,而将介词置于定语从句的后面,如:
That was the room in which we had lived for ten years. = That was the room
which we had lived in for ten years.
五. 具体使用时还要注意下列问题:
1. 只能使用that,不用which 的情况:
(1) 先行词是all, few, little, nothing, everything, anything 等不定代词时。
All that he said is true.
(2) 先行词被only, no, any, all,等词修饰时。
(3) 先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。例如:
He was the second (person) that told me the secret.
(4) 先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词。
This is the best book (that) I have read this year.
(5) 先行词既包括人又包括物时。例如:
He talked about the people and the things he remembered.
2. 只能用which,不用that 的情况:
(1) 在非限制性定语从中。例如:
The meeting was put off, which was exactly what we wanted.
(2) 定语从句由介词+关系代词引导,先行词是物时。例如:
The thing about which he is talking is of great importance.
考查的主要形式是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也要用到定语从句。
篇3:中考英语核心知识点精讲
中考冲刺英语重点知识点(专有名词知识点)
专有名词
专有名词用来指具体的人、地点、日子或物体的专有名称。其特点是:第一个字母大写,通常不与冠词连用,无复数形式。
(一)人名
英美人的姓名与中国人的恰恰相反,姓在后面,名在前面,姓名前通常不用冠词。例如:
Mary Smith;George Washington。
(1)一般熟人间通常用名称呼。例如:
How's John getting on? 约翰近来好吗?
(2)在不熟悉人之间或表示礼貌时,常把姓和称谓连用。例如:
Would you please tell John Smith to come to the office? 请你告诉约翰·史密斯到办公室来一次好吗?
(3)姓氏复数前加定冠词可表示全家人。例如:
The Turners have gone to America.特纳一家人去美国了。
(二)地名
(1)大部分单数形式的地名不用定冠词。例如:
Asia;America;China; London;Shanghai
(2)大部分单数形式的湖、岛、山名前不加定冠词。例如:.
Silver Lake;Mount Tai
(3)山脉、群岛、海洋、河流、运河、海湾、海峡、半岛、沙漠名前一般加定冠词。
例如:
the Pacific;the English Channel;the Sahara
(三)日期名
(1)节日名前通常不用冠词。例如: Christmas;National Day
(2)星期名前通常不用冠词。例如: Sunday;Tuesday
(3)月份名前通常不用冠词。例如: April;December
篇4:中考英语核心知识点精讲
学习就是一个积累的过程, 小编为大家整理了相关 内容,以供大家参考。
知识点:重点词汇
Unit 1
modern, gold, record, event, close, race, seem, luck (lucky, luckily), tennis, believe, guest, such, able, great, practise, dream, include, age, few
Unit 2
tower, thick, whole, weigh, including human farther farthest list, anybody kilo, lift, pull.
Unit 3
money, pay, price, advertising, ad, supply, quite, business, success, example, fat, any other, safe, afraid, board, rent, magazine, own.
Unit 4
fever, hospital, nurse, pain, chest, lung, breathe, catch a cold, potato, cheese, butter, move, smoke, terrible, worse, rest, plenty, disease, against, unable, disabled, lucky
Unit 5
life (lives), save one's life 挽救某人的生命
all one's life 一生,一辈子
mind n. 头脑,精神
v. 介意
mind doing 介意做某事
century n. 世纪
anyone pron. 任何人,无论谁
southwest adj. 西南的 southwestern
produce v. 出产,生产
spare adj. 空闲的
nothing 不定代词,没什么
develop v. 发展,培育,使形成 (devoloped , devoloping , development)
super adj. 超级的,优良的
blind adj. 失明的
deaf adj. 聋的
greatly adv. 非常,很
northern adj. 北方的,北部的
war n. 战争
kill v. 杀死
peace n. 和平 peaceful (adj.) 和平的
soldier n. 战士,士兵
blood n. 血
Unit 6
accident,actor,careful,serious,patient,safety (safely,safe),rule,stop,height [hait] ,careless,bathroom,instead (instead of),soap,edge,warn (warning),save
篇5:中考英语核心知识点精讲
1. after, in 这两个介词都可以表示“……(时间)以后”的意思
after 以过去为起点,表示过去一段时间之后,常用于过去时态的句子中?
如:She went after three days. 她是三天以后走的
in 以现在为起点,表将来一段时间以后,常用于将来时态的句子中
如:She will go in three days. 她三天以后要走
2. how long, how often, how soon
how long指多长时间,主要用来对一段时间(如three days, four weeks 等)提问?如:How long ago was it? 这是多久前的事了?
how often指每隔多久,主要用来对频率副词或状语(如once a week等)提问?如:—How often does he come here? —Once a month. 他(每隔)多久来一次?每月一次。
how soon指再过多久,主要用来对表示将来的一段时间(in an hour, in two weeks 等)提问?如:How soon can you come? 你多快能赶来?
3. few, a few, little, a little, several, some
few 和little的意思是否定的,表示“很少”或“几乎没有”;而a few和a little的意思是肯定的,表示“有一些,有一点儿”
few 和 a few修饰可数名词;little 和 a little 修饰不可数名词
several用于修饰可数名词,语意比a few和some更肯定,含有“好几个”的意思
some可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词,从数量上说,它有时相当于a few 或 a little,有时指更多一些的数量
4. the other, another
the other 指两个人或事物中的“另一个”,表示特指?如:We stood on one side of the road and they stood on the other. 我们站在街这边,他们站在那边
another着重于不定数目中的“另外一个”,表示泛指,所以常用来指至少三个中的一个?如:She has taken another of my books. 她已经拿了我的另外一本书
5. spend, take, cost, pay
spend的宾语通常是时间?金钱?在主动语态中,句子的主语必须是人,而且后面不能用动词不定式做它的宾语?如:She spent the whole evening in reading. 她把整个晚上用来读书
take常常用来指“花费”时间,句子的主语通常是表示事物的词语?如:How long will this job take you?你做这项工作要花多长时间?
cost 指花费时间?金钱或力气等,只能用表示事物的词做主语,并且不能用于被动语态?如:How much does the jacket cost?这件夹克多少钱?
pay 主要指主语(某人)买某物(或为某事)付多少钱(给某人)?如:I pay for my rooms by month. 我按月支付租金
6. among, between
between 的意思是“在……中间,在……之间”,一般指在两者之间?如:There is a table between two windows. 在两扇窗户之间有一张桌子。
between 有时也表示在多于两个以上的事物之间,但那是指在每二者之间。如:the relationship between different provinces and municiplities 省市和省市之间的关系(这里是指每两个省市之间的相互关系?)
7. beat, win
这两个词都有“获胜,打败”的意思,但其后宾语不同?beat是“打败,优于”的意思,后面接人或队?如:We beat them. 我们打败了他们。
win指“赢,获胜”,后面接比赛?名次?如:We won the match/game/race/the first place. 我们赢了这场比赛(获得了第一名)。
8. agree with, agree on, agree to
agree on表示“就……取得一致意见”?如:We all agree on (making) an early start. 我们一致同意及早出发?
agree with表示“与……意见一致”,后面既可以跟表示人的名词或人称代词,也可以跟表示意见。看法的名词或what引导的从句?。如:I agree with you without reservation.我毫无保留地同意你的意见。We agree with what you said just now.我们同意你刚才所说的意见。
agree to后面不能接人,只能接“提议,计划,方案”等词句?如:I agree to the terms proposed. 我同意拟议的条件。
9. bring, take, carry,fetch
这四个词都是动词,都含有“带”或“拿”的意思,但使用的场合各不相同。
bring作“带来,拿来”解?如:Next time don’t forget to bring me a copy of your work. 下次不要忘了把一份你的作品带给我。
take是bring的对语,作“带去,拿去”解?如:Take the box away, please. 请把盒子拿走。
carry表示“运载,携带”之意,运送的方式很多,可以用车、船,也可以用手甚至用头。如:This bus is licensed to carry 100 passengers. 这辆巴士准载一百人。
fetch则表示“去拿来”的意思。如:Please fetch me the documents in that room. 请到那间房间去把文件拿来给我。
10. each, every
两词都是“每个”的意思,但着重点不同。each着重个别的情况,every着重全体,有“所有的”的意思。如:She knows each student of the class.她认识这个班里的每一个学生。She knows every student of the class.她认识这个班所有的学生。
11. no one, none
no one指“没有人(只能指人,不能用来指物)”,意思与nobody相同,作主语时不必跟of连用,如:No one believes him since he is not honest. 没有人相信他,因为他不诚实。No one else but I went. 除我以外,谁也没去。
none指“一个也没有(既可指人,也可指物)”,作主语时代替不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式;代替可数名词,谓语动词用单、复数都可以。但在“主+系+表”结构中,如果表语为复数,则系动词要用复数形式。如:None of us are(is) afraid of difficulties. 我们谁也不怕困难。
12. go on doing, go on to do, go on with
这三个动词短语都有“继续做某事”的意思,其区别如下:go on doing表示“继续做,一直在做某事(中间无间断)”;go on to do表示“接着做某事”,即某事已做完,接着做另一件事;go on with也表示“继续做某事”,其含义是某一动作一度中止后,又继续下去。
13. too much, much too
二者都有“太,非常”之意,much too为副词词组,修饰形容词?副词,不可修饰动词。如:It’s much too cold.天气实在是太冷了。
too much作“太多”讲,有以下三种用法?
(1)作名词词组 如:You have given us too much. 你给我们的太多了。
(2)作形容词词组修饰不可数名词 如:Don’t drink too
much wine. 不要饮太多的酒
(3)作副词词组修饰不及物动词 如:She talks too much. 她说话太多
14. happen, take place与occur
happen有“偶然”的意思,多用于客观事物?情况的发生?。如:Whatever has happened to your arm? It’s all swollen. 你的手臂怎么了?肿得好历害!
occur 指有计划地使某些事“发生”,有时强调“呈现”于人的知觉中。如:Did it occur to you to phone them about it?你难道没想到就这事给他们打个电话?
事件作主语时,happen和occur可以通用?如:The accident happened/occurred yesterday. 事故是昨天发生的。
take place 指事件发生,但常用来表示“举行”的意思,带有非偶然性?例如:The meeting took place last night.会议昨晚举行。
15. in front of, in the front of
in front of的意思是“在……前面”。如:There is a tree in front of the house.房子前面有一棵树。
in the front of的意思是“在……前部”,指在某个空间范围内的前面。如:There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom. 教室里前部有一块黑板
16. noise, voice, sound
这三个词都作“声音”解,在表示“听到声音”这个意思时,三者可以通用,但它们又各有特定的含义。
sound 作“声音”解,含义最广,指可以听到的任何声音,如:a weak sound 微弱的声
noise作“噪音,嘈杂声,吵闹声”解,指不悦耳,不和谐的声音,它既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词。如:Another kind of pollution is noise. 另外一种污染是噪音。
voice 作“声音”解时,多指人发出的声音,包括说话声、歌声和笑声。如:He shouted at the top of voice. 他高声呼喊。有时也用于引申意义,作“意见、发言权”解。如:I have no voice in the matter. 对于这件事,我没有发言权。
17. arrive, get, reach
三者均可表示“到达”,arrive后通常接介词at(一般用于较小的地方)或 in(一般用于较大的地方)?如:We arrived at the station five minutes late. 我们晚了5分钟到车站?又如:They will arrive in Paris next Monday. 他们将于下周星期一到达巴黎?
get之后通常接介词to。如:When we got to the park, it began to rain. 我们到达公园时,就开始下雨了。
reach是及物动词(较 get更正式),其后可直接跟地点名词做宾语(不能用介词)。如:He reached Beijing yesterday. 他昨天到达北京。
篇6:中考英语核心知识点精讲
上海 之变--外语复习重点
■任继海(原静安区教育学院 教研员)
【英语】第二、第三卷有变化
题型变化不大,第一大题听力没有变化,第二大题有一个明显变化,为了面对一纲多本,往年卷中的教材分叉题今年将取消。过去分5个部分,今年是3个部分,减少了两个部分。第三大题的变化是根据题型从易到难,把完成对话放到了阅读和完形填空前面。而在阅读部分,往年是3篇(一篇是非题、一篇选择题、一篇回答问题),今年又增加了一个语段。完形填空难度要大一些,一部分是选择,一部分是填空。
学习外语基础一定要扎实,有时候拼错一个单词就没有分。有的同学很注意归纳整理,做所谓的“病历卡”,因此,纠正自己的薄弱环节比盲目做题更好。
篇7:中考英语核心知识点精讲
一、英语名词可分专有名词和普通名词两大类:
1、专有名词是个别的人、地、物、团体、机构等的专用名称。专有名词中实词的第一个字母要大写。
如:Beijing, Tom, the People’s Republic of China(中华人民共和国)
专有名词如果是含有普通名词的短语,则必须使用定冠词the。如:the Great Wall(长城)
姓氏名如果采用复数形式,则表示该姓氏一家人(复数含义),如:the Greens( 格林一家人)。
2、普通名词是许多人或事物的共有名称。如:pupil, family, man, foot.
普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。
▲可数名词是可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词,如:box, child, orange;
▲不可数名词是不可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词。如:water, news, oil, population, information .
2、英语可数名词的单复数:英语可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。
1、名词由单数变复数的基本方法如下:
①在单数名词词尾加s。如:map → maps,boy→ boys,horse→ horses, table→ tables.
②s,o,x ,sh,ch结尾的词加es.如:class→classes, box→boxes, hero→heroes, dish→dishes, bench→benches.
[注]:少数以o结尾的词,变复数时只加s。如:photo→photos, piano→pianos.
以O结尾的名词特殊记:黑人英雄爱吃土豆西红柿
(Negro—Negroes, hero—heroes, potato—potatoes, tomato—tomatoes
③以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i,再加es。如:family→families, city→cities, party→parties.
④以f或fe结尾的名词,变f或fe为v,再加es。如:shelf→shelves, wolf→wolves, life→lives, knife→knives.
妻子拿刀宰狼,小偷见了直发慌,躲在架后保己命,半片树叶遮目光。
wife—wives, knife—knives, wolf—wolves, thief—thieves, shelf—shelves, self—selves, half—halves, leaf--leaves
2、不规则变化:
man→men, woman→women, child→children, ox→oxen, mouse—mice
tooth→teeth, goose→geese, foot--feet
sheep→sheep, fish→fish,deer—deer(神奇的羊鹿鱼)
Chinese –Chinese, Japanese—Japanese, Englishman—Englishmen, Frenchman—Frenchmen
American—Americans, Australian—Australians, German—Germans
中日不变英法变,其他s 加后面
不可数名词一般没有复数形式,说明其数量时,要用有关计量名词。
如:a bag of rice→two bags of rice,
a piece of paper→three pieces of paper,
a bottle of milk→five bottles of milk.
3、名词所有格:
1、 名词所有格表示所属关系,相当于物主代词,在句中作定语、宾语或主语。其构成法如下:
(1) 表示人或其它有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加’s。
如:Childern’s Day(儿童节), my sister’s book(我姐姐的书)
(2) 以s或es结尾的复数名词。只在词尾加’。
如:Teachers’ Day(教师节)
(3) 有些表示时间、距离以及世界、国家、城镇等无生命的名词,也可在词尾加’s.
如:today’snewspaper(今天的报纸), ten minutes’ break(十分钟的课间休息),China’s population(中国的人口).
(4)无论表示有生命还是无生命的东西的名词,一般均可用介词of短语来表示所有关系。如:
a fine daughter of the Party(党的好女儿).legs of a table
2、[注解]:
①‘s还可以表示某人的家或者某个店铺,
如:my aunt’s(我阿姨家), the doctor’s(诊所)
② 两人共有某物时,可以采用A and B’s的形式,如果分别拥有,则分别加’s .
如:Lucy and Lily’sbedroom(露西和丽丽合住的卧室)
Lucy’s and lily’s boyfriends
③“of+名词所有格/名词性物主代词”,称为双重所有格,
如:a friend ofmy father’s(我父亲的一位朋友), a friend ofmine(我的一位朋友)
4、名词或代词作主语时和谓语之间的单复数的一致问题:
1、谓语和谓语基本保持单复数的一致,即:主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式:
如:The computerwasa great invention.(计算机是个了不起的发明)
The water in the glass isvery cold.(玻璃杯里的水很冷)
2、集体名词(如family, class, team, group, row, police, school等)做句子主语时,
① 如果表示整体概念,则谓语用单数形式,
如:Class Three is a very good class.(三班是好班)
② 如果表示其中的所有成员时,则谓语用复数形式,
如:Class Threehavea map of China.(三班有张中国地图)
3、Chinese, Japanese, fish, sheep, people等表示单个时谓语用单数,表示许多时,谓语用复数。
如:Thereisa sheep in the yard.(院子里有只绵羊)
There aresome sheep in the yard.(院子里有一些绵羊)
4、maths, news等虽然有s结尾,但不是复数,因此谓语仍用单数:
The newsisvery exciting. (这个消息令人兴奋)
5、glasses, shoes, socks, trousers, gloves等名词往往用复数形式,故谓语用复数。
如:The trousersare very cheap and I want to take them.(裤子很便宜,我想买)
6、a lot of后跟名词复数时谓语用复数形式,跟不可数名词时谓语用单数形式。
如:A lot of students are playingbaseball now.(现在有许多学生在打垒球)
A lot of timewas wastedon that work.(大量的时间花在了那个工作上)(被动句)
1、 and连接两个名词做主语时,谓语原则上用复数,但是两个名词若构成一个整体事物时,谓语则用单数。
如:The teacher and his sonare pickingapples now.(老师和他的儿子在摘苹果)
Fish and chipsisvery famous food. (鱼和薯条是一种出名的食品)
2、 there be句型中be的单复数一般由靠近的名词决定。
如:There isa table and four chairsin the room.(房间里有一张桌子和四张椅子)
3、 用both…and…连接两个事物做主语时,谓语一般用复数。
如:Both you and Iare requiredto be here tomorrow.(你和我明天要求都来)
4、 主语中含有with的短语时,谓语单复数由with之前的人物决定。
如:A womanwith a 7-year-old child was standing at the side of the road.
(一名妇女带着一个七岁的孩子(当时)就站在路边)
5、 either…or…或者 neither…nor…连接两个人物做句子主语时,谓语采用就近原则。
如:Either you orheis right.(要么是你对,要么是他对。/你和他有一个人是对的)
Neither you nor Iam going there.(你和我都不打算去那里)
6、 表示一段时间或长度概念的复数名词做主语时,谓语一般用单数。
如:Two monthsisnot a short time.(两个月不是个短时间)
Two thousand kilometersisquite a long distance(距离).(两千千米是相当长的一段距离)
7、 主语中含有half of… / (three quarters)of… / all (of) the ….等词语时,谓语的单复数由名词确定,
如:Over three quarters of the information on the Internet isin English.
(因特网上四分之三以上的信息是用英语写的)
A third of the students were playing near the lake.(学生的三分之一(当时)正在湖边玩耍)
All of the water in these rivers has been polluted.(这些河流中的水已经被污染了)(被动句)
但是,population一词又有特殊情况:
What’sthe populationof China?(中国人口是多少?)(句子用单数)
Three quarters of the populationin this city are Arabs(阿拉伯人).
(这个城市四分之三的人口是阿拉伯人)(句子用复数)
5、部分名词用法辨析:
1、sport、game、match、race的区别:
sport通常指“户外运动”,以锻炼为主,概念较大;
game意思是“运动、比赛”,不管户内户外还是脑力体力,指以胜负为主的运动;
match意为“竞赛、比赛”,多指正式比赛;race主要表示“赛跑、赛马、赛车”。
如:People all around the world enjoy sports.(全世界的人都喜爱运动)
The Olympic Games will be held in Beijing.(奥运会将在北京举行)(被动句)
Our school football team won the league match(联赛).(我们学校足球队取得了联赛冠军)
They were strong and won the boatrace.(汤他们很棒,赢得了划艇比赛)
1、 festival、holiday、vacation的区别:
festival“节日”,指喜庆的日子或持续一段时间的文娱活动;
holiday(假日、休息日),指法定假日或风俗习惯,复数可以表示一个较长的假期;
vacation“假期”,指学习或工作中一段长时间的休息。
如:The Shanghai Television Festivalwill be held next month.(上海电视节将在下个月举行) /
Sunday is a holiday and most people do not work.(星期天是个假日,多数人不工作) /
What are you going to do during the summer vacation/holidays?(在暑期你打算做什么事情?)
2、 journey、tour、trip、travel的区别:
journey指在陆地上(或海上或空中)进行的长途旅行,不知终点,含有辛苦的意思;
tour指途中作短期逗留的巡回旅行,强调游览多处,常用来指观光等;
trip通常指往返定时的短途旅行,如出差度假等;
travel多指长期或长途的观光旅行,尤其指到国外,没有明确目的地,也作不可数名词,指旅行这一行为。
如:He made up his mind to make the journeytoDunhuang.(他拿定主意要去敦煌旅行)/
He has gone on a walking tour.(他步行观光去了)/
He took severaltrips to Shanghai last yeaar.(去年他去了上海好几次) /
Did you go to Santiago(圣地亚哥) during your travels?(旅行期间你去圣地亚哥了吗?) /
Travellingthrough thick forests is dangerous.(在密林里边穿行是很危险的)
3、 sound、noise、voice的区别:
sound指各种声音;noise主要指“噪音”;voice指人的“嗓音”。
如:The noiseof the street kept me awake in the night.(街上的喧嚣声让我彻夜难眠) /
All of a sudden there was the soundof shots and a cry.(突然间传来几声枪响和一声尖叫) /
The singer has lost her ringing voice as a result of a bad cold.
(因为感冒的缘故,这个歌唱家失去了她银铃般的嗓音)
4、 fish的问题:指许多条鱼且不管种类时,用fish,单复数相同;
fishes指许多种类的鱼;
fish指“鱼肉”时是不可数名词。
如:There are many kinds of fishesin the pool. (池子里有很多种类的鱼)/
I prefer fish to meat.(与肉相比我更喜欢鱼)
篇8:中考英语核心知识点精讲
默默努力的背后都有辛苦, 小编整理了学期 重点句型内容,以供大家参考。
学期 重点句型
1.Enjoy/like/love/be fond of doing sth. 喜欢做某事
eg:She is fond of doing chemical experiments. 她喜欢做化学实验。
2.Keep/keep on/carry on/go on doing sth. 继续做某事
eg:We keep on going on and on cause this is where we both belong. 让我们一直拥有,并走下去,因为这是我们俩共同拥有的。
3.Feel like doing sth. 想要做某事
eg:I feel like giving up on the job. 我觉得我不能从工作中摆脱出来。
4.Practice doing sth. 练习做某事
eg:They practice doing so quickly and accurately. 他们学习快而准确的做。
5.Give up doing sth. 放弃做某事
eg:If my boss asks me to do such kind of thing any more, Ill give up working. 如果我老板再要我做这样的事,我就辞职不干了。
6.Be good at/do well in doing sth. 擅长做某事
eg:For example, the Dutch do well in disposing of wastes. 欧洲就非常善于使用再生资源,例如:荷兰的垃圾。
7.Pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事
eg:We should pay attention to our behavior in public. 在公共场所应注意自己的言谈举止。
8.What about/how about doing sth. ……怎么样(好吗)?
eg:What about editing of the film? 这部电影的编辑怎么样呢?
9.Thank you for doing sth. 为……感谢某人
eg:Thank you for flying with us. 谢谢您乘坐我们的飞机。
10.Mind doing sth. 介意做某事
eg:Would you mind doing me a favour? 你介意帮我个忙吗?
11.Be used for doing sth./be used to do sth. 被用来做某事
eg:Computers are used to do many jobs in the office. 电脑在办公室被用来做很多事。
12.Spend… (in) doing sth. 花时间做某事
eg:How much time you spend doing daily exercise? 你每天花多少时间做运动?
13.Be busy doing/with sth. 忙于做某事
eg:He is busy with some important work. 他忙着处理一些重要的工作。
14.Finish doing sth. 做完某事
eg:Youd better finish doing your homework tonight. 你最好今晚完成家庭作业。
15.Make a contribution to doing sth. 在……做贡献
eg:We will try our best to make a contribution to lighting industry. 竭力为照明事业做出贡献!
16.Prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜欢……胜过……
eg:He prefers doing to talking. 他宁愿做,不愿说。
17.Be/get used to doing sth. 习惯做某事
eg:Life is not fair, get used to it. 生活是不公平的,但我们要适应它。
18.Keep/stop/prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
eg:Unless we get more funding, well be prevented from finishing our experimental programme. 除非我们得到更多的拨款,否则就会妨碍完成这项试验计划。
篇9:中考英语核心知识点精讲
1.have a cold 患感冒
2.a few 有些
3.at the moment 此时/现在
4.have a stomachache 肚子疼
5.have a sore throat 嗓子疼
6.have a fever 发烧
7.lie down 躺下
8.see a dentist 看牙医
9.have a headache 头疼
10.have a toothache 牙疼
11.hot tea with honey 热茶加蜂蜜
12.stressed out 紧张
13.go to bed early 早睡觉
14.listen to music 听音乐
15.go to party 参加音乐会
16.on the other hand 在另一方面
17.stay healthy 保持健康
18.have a sore back 背疼
19.traditional Chinese doctors 传统中医
20.a balance of yin and yang 阴阳平衡
21.too much 太多
22.a balanced diet 饮食平衡
23.go out at night 在晚上出去
24.feel well 感觉舒服
25.conversation practice 对话练习
26.host family 房东
27.give sb. a fever 导致某人发烧
篇10:中考英语核心知识点精讲
pen pal
笔友
be from 来自
=come from 来自
the United States 美国
the United Kingdom 英国
New York 纽约
speak English 讲英语
14 years old
14岁
write to…写信给。。。
like and dislike 爱憎
in China
在中国
go to the movies 去看电影
play sports 做运动
favorite subject 最喜欢的科目
Where is your pen pal from? 你的笔友来自哪里?
Where does he live? 他住在哪里?
What language does he speak?
Unit 2 Where’s the post office?
post office 邮局
in front of 在。。。前面
pay phone (投币式)公用电话
near here 这儿附近
on Center Street 在中心街上
next to 在。。。旁边
between…and… 在。。。和。。。之间
across from 在。。。对面
in the neighborhood 在附近
go straight 一着往前走
turn left/right 向左/右拐
a big supermarket 一家大超市
at New Park 在新公园
take a taxi 乘出租车
have fun 玩得愉快
take a walk 散步
the way to 去。。。的路上
go through 通过
Excuse me. 对不起。
go down…
the garden district
have a good trip
the beginning of…
let sb. do sth.
on the right/left
Where is the post office?
Is there a big supermarket near where you are?
Bridge Street is a good place to have fun..
Unit 3 Why do you like koalas?
very shy
very cute
kind of
very smart
South Africaother animals
play with
during the day
at night
every day
be quiet
Why do you like koalas?
Let’s see the pandas first.
Where are lions from?
They’re kind of interesting.
What other animals do you like?
Why do you want to see the lions?
Unit 4 I want to be an actor.
shop assistant
police office
bank clerk
TV station
go out
get sth. from sb.
like doing sth / to do sth #p#分页标题#e#
give sb sth
want to be
be interested in
an interesting job
want ads
talk with/to sb
pop stars
an international school
school play
a library assistant
a sports coach
a movie actor
What do you do?
What do you want to be?
Where does your sister work?
Does he work late?
Unit 5 I’m watching TV
Watch TV
do homework
eat dinner
TV show
write a letter
read a book
wait for
talk about
at school
at home
at the pool
play soccer
play basketball
talk on the phone
thanks for…
I am not talking.
What are you doing?
Are you playing soccer?
Unit 6 It’s raining!
sound terrible
have a good time
around The World show
on vacation
take photos
look cool
this group of…
in your hometown
play computer games
pretty good
different kinds of
not bad
some…others…
Thank you for helping me!
How’s the weather?
How is it going?
What do you do when it’s raining?
#p#分页标题#e#
Unit 7 What does he look like?
look like
short hair
long hair
curly hair
straight hair
medium height
medium build
good-looking
a little bit
tell jokes
stop talking
go shopping
wear glasses
the captain of…
the basketball team
pop singer
What does he look like?
Don’t show the other students.
Unit 8 I’d like some noodles.
beef and tomato noodles
would like
what kind of noodles
what size bowl of noodles
a large bowl of noodles
ice cream
Can I help you?
chicken and cabbage noodles
mutton and potato noodles
tomato and egg noodles
beef and carrot noodles
orange juice
green tea
House of Dumplings
Dessert House
RMB
phone number
What kind of noodles would you like?
Unit 9 How was your weekend?
do one’s homework
play soccer
clean the room
go to the beach
play tennis
gio to the movies
last weekend
on Saturday morning
visit sb
study for…
what about
stay at home
have a party
do some reading
play the guitar
spend the weekend last week
go for a walk
go shopping
play sports
talk show
last month
play with…
look for
it’s time to do sth.
go to the mountains
How was your weekend?
It’s time to go home.
Unit 10 Where did you go on vacation?
go on vacation
go to summer camp
#p#分页标题#e#
stay at home
study for exams
Central Parkshow sth to sb
help him find his father
walk back to…
go shopping
the Palace Museumthink of
have fun doing sth
bus trip
the Great Wall
Tian’an Men Square
a Beijing Hutongmake sb do sth
decide to do sth
What do you think of the vocation?
I find a boy crying.
Uint 11 What do you think of game shows?
Soap Opeeera
game show
sports show
talk show
healthy living
key ring
can’t stand
don’t mind
thanks for doing sth
agree with sb
show sb sth
show sth to sb
enjoy doing
How about…?=What about…?
baseball cap
sports news
Culture ChinaChinese cooking
Animal World
welcome to…
What do you think of TV?
=How do you like TV?
I don’t mind them.
Unit 12 Don’t eat in class
arrive late for class
in the hallways
listen to music
school rules
tell sb about sth
in the dining hall
sports shoes
wear a uniform
have to
go out
practice your guitar
too many
gym class
make dinner
the Children’s Palace
in bed
wear a helmet
ride a bike
Don’t run in the hallways!
Do we have to clean the classroom?
What else do you have to do?
I have to be in bed by ten o’clock.
What should I do?