
篇1:中考英语宾语从句知识点精讲
【考点扫描】
中考对宾语从句的考查主要集中在以下几个方面:
1. 引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择;
2. 宾语从句的语序;
3. 宾语从句的时态。
考查的主要形式是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也要用到宾语从句。
【名师精讲】
一. 宾语从句的种类
宾语从句是一种名词性从句,在句中作及物动词的宾语,或介词的宾语,或
形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词,宾语从句可分为三类。
1. 由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用,没有实在的意义,在口语
和非正式文体中可以省略。例如:
He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.
She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.
I am sure (that) he will succeed.
2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如:
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting foe?
He asked whose handwriting was the best.
Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?
I don’t know why the train is late.
3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如:
I want to know if (whether) he lives there.
He asked me whether (if) I could help him.
二. 宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如:
I hear (that) physics isn’t easy.
I think (that) you will like this school soon.
Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?
Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting.
三. 宾语从句的时态
1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时,宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。
如:
I don’t think (that) you are right.
Please tell us where he is.
Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?
2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时,宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态(一般过去时, 过去进行时, 过去将来时,过去完成时)。例如:
He asked what time it was.
He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.
He asked if you had written to Peter.
He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.
3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理,其时态常用一般现在时。例如:
Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.
Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.
篇2:中考英语宾语从句知识点精讲
引导宾语从句的连词
陈述句:that 可省略 一般疑问句:if /whether “是否” 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词
引导原因状从的有:because (不能与so同时出现在句中)
引导时间状语从句的连词:
A. when(当…时候),as soon as…(一…就),not…until(直到…才),after(在…之后),引导的主从复合句,主句为一般将来时,从句则用一般现在时来代替一般将来时。Eg: I won't leave until he comes back.
B. since(自从…以来)引导的主从复合句,主句为现在完成时,从句用一般过去时。 Eg:We haven't met each other since she left here last year.
C. while(当…时候,一边…一边…)它引导的时间状语从句常用进行时态。
Eg: My father came in while I was doing my homework.
引导条件状语从句的连词:if “如果”,引导条件状从,主句用一般将来时,从句则用一般现在时。请区别于if“是否”相当于 whether,引导宾语从句,时态根据语境确定
eg:1)I don't know if it ____ (rain) tomorrow.
2)If it ______ (rain) tomorrow, I _____________ (not climb) the hills.
3)Joan and Mary haven't seen each other_____they left school five years ago.
A.as B.before C.after D.since
ew C. a little D. little
篇3:中考英语宾语从句知识点精讲
英语考试知识点中宾语从句非常重要,下面 小编为学生们介绍宾语从句相关知识点,帮助学生们辅导中考英语学习,提高成绩!
一、 注意正确使用引导词
1. 当宾语从句由陈述句变化而来时,用that来引导从句,其中的that无具体意义,一般可以省略。如:
I hear (that) she’s going to give me a call.
Li Tao thought (that) the TV play was interesting.
2. 当宾语从句由一般疑问句变化而来时, 可用if 或whether 来引导从句,意为“是否”。如:
David asked her if/whether she slept well last night.
3. 当宾语从句由特殊疑问句变化而来时,用连接代词who/whose/what/which 或连接副词when/where /why/how 来引导。如:
Do you know where we can stay on the island?
I don’t know why Jane was late for school this morning.
二、 注意正确使用语序
在含有宾语从句的复合句中,宾语从句都要使用陈述语序,即:引导词+主语+谓语+其它,还要注意原来的助动词或情态动词要符合相关的时态。如:
When did the train leave? I want to know. →I want to know when the train left.
Does the shop close at six every day? Do you know?→Do you know if/whether the shop closes at six every day?
三、注意正确使用时态
1. 如果主句是一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时,宾语从句时态不受限制,可以根据实际表达的需要来确定。如:
I hear he is here today/he was here yesterday/he will be here tomorrow.
2.如果主句是一般过去时, 宾语从句应与主句保持一致,即使用过去时态的某种形式。如:
He said he was watching TV/he had swept the floor/he would play football after school.
3. 如果宾语从句所叙述的是客观事实、自然现象、科学真理等时,从句不受主句限制,用一般现在时。如:
Everyone answered there are sixty minutes in an hour.
四、 注意否定提前
当主句的谓语动词为think, believe, suppose 等动词时,且主语为第一人称,从句的否定提前。如:
I don’t believe he is a doctor, is he?
五、 注意复合结构
在 find, make, think 等一些可带有复合宾语的动词后,为保持句子平衡,常将实际宾语(主要是that 引导的从句)后置,而使用形式宾语it.如:
I think it important that we should learn English well.
篇4:中考英语宾语从句知识点精讲
宾语从句
宾语从句指在复合句中充当宾语的从句,常位于及物动词或介词之后,作宾语。宾语从句的引导词是由宾语从句的句子类型决定的,常考的引导词有that, if, whether, what, which, when, where, how, why等,宾语从句中的时态由主句中谓语动词的时态来决定。
宾语从句的引导词
宾语从句的引导词有三种:1)that;2)whether/ if;3)特殊疑问词what/ when/ where/ who等。如:
He said that he could help me. 他说他能够帮助我。
Your mother asked if you could finish your work this week. 你妈妈问这个星期你能否完成工作。
Can you tell me when the sports meeting will begin? 你能告诉我运动会将在什么时候开始吗?
??以that引导的宾语从句:
that引导的宾语从句一般都是由陈述句充当,引导词that没有实际意义,不在从句中作任何成分,that可以省略,而且从句成分齐全,句意完整。如:
Do you think (that) it will rain? 你认为天会下雨吗?
He said (that) he could come on time. 他说他会准时来的。
?? 以whether或if引导的宾语从句:
从属连词if, whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问句转化而来的,变成从句后,语序由原来的倒装语序变成陈述语序。whether和if意为“是否”。如:
Let us know whether / if you can finish the work before Friday.
请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把工作做完。
I don’t care whether you like the story or not. 我不在乎你是否喜欢这个故事。
【注】以下情况一般只用whether不用if。
1) 接带to的动词不定式。
She doesn’t know whether to go to the zoo. 她不知道是不是去动物园。
2)与or not连用时。
I’m not sure whether or not he will come on time. 他能否准时来,我说不准。
??特殊疑问词what/ when/ where/ who等引导的宾语从句:
此类宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句,变成宾语从句后要用陈述语序,由wh-开头的疑问词引导。包括who, whom, whose, what, which等连接代词和where, when, how, why等连接副词,这些引导词有各自的意思,在从句中要作相应的成分,不能省略。如:
Could you tell me which gate we have to go to? 请问我们得走哪个门?
He didn’t tell me how long he would stay here. 他没有告诉我他要在这里呆多长时间。
宾语从句的时态
?? 如果主句是一般现在时,宾语从句根据实际情况用各种时态。如:
My teacher says he will be back in a week. (一般将来时) 我的老师说他将在一个星期后回来。
My teacher says he is watching TV. (现在进行时) 我的老师说他正在看电视。
My teacher says he has seen the movie. (现在完成时) 我的老师说他已经看过这部电影了。
??如果主句是一般过去时,宾语从句用相应的过去时态。如:
My father said he was watching TV at that time.(过去进行时) 我爸爸说在那个时候他在看电视。
My father said the he had already seen the movie. (过去完成时) 我爸爸说他已经看过那部电影了。
【注】如果宾语从句是表示客观真理和规律的句子时,用一般现在时。如:
Our teacher told us the sun is much bigger than the earth. (一般现在时)
我们的老师告诉我们太阳比地球大多了。
宾语从句的否定转移
主句如果是I think/ believe/ imagine/ suppose/ guess/ expect等,从句的否定一般要转移到主句中,
其反意疑问句与从句一致。如:
I don’t think they’ll wait to the last minute,will they?我认为他们不会等到最后一分钟,他们会吗?
I don’t believe he did this, did he? 我相信他不会做这样的事,他会吗?
直接引语和间接引语
直接引语指的是直接引用别人的原话,两边用引号标出;如:
He said (that) the bank was near the hotel.
间接引语是指用自己的语言转述别人的话。,如:
He wondered if/whether the workers had finished the work.
直接引语变间接引语时在句型、人称、时态、语序、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等方面都要进行变化。
篇5:中考英语宾语从句知识点精讲
一个句子如果加上宾语从句,句子显然变复杂了,也变的difficult了,其实,你大可不必发愁。只要掌握好宾语从句的用法,一切问题就迎刃而解了。
宾语从句由关系代词或关系副词引出。我们根据引导宾语从句的连词不同,可把宾语从句分为三类。
以that引导的宾语从句。 如:I hear that you have passed the examination. Good luck!
以if 和whether引导的宾语从句。 如:I don't know if you can come tomorrow.
以连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。 如:Please tell me how you can get here.
运用宾语从句要注意以下几点:
宾语从句的语序一定是陈述句语序。
主句的谓语动词的时态如果是过去时态,宾语从句谓语动词的时态要选用相应的过去某一种形式。
如果宾语从句表示的是客观真理,事实时,即使主句是过去式,从句仍用一般现在时。
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